Load Modeling for Transmission Planning Studies and Emerging technologies deployed to address transmission congestion
Load modeling within the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) has undergone significant evolution, driven by the increasing complexity of the power grid and the need for more accurate reliability assessments. Initially, simpler static load models like the ZIP model were prevalent. These models represented load behavior as a function of voltage, but they lacked the ability to capture the dynamic response of many modern loads. NERC's standards have pushed for the adoption of more sophisticated dynamic load models, such as the Composite Load Model (CLM), which account for the behavior of components like induction motors and power electronics-based loads (data center loads). This shift enables better understanding of how loads respond to grid disturbances, crucial for maintaining system stability and complying with NERC reliability requirements.
Grid Enhancing Technologies (GETs) are a set of technologies deployed to address transmission congestion. These technologies help to maximize the transmission of electricity across the existing power grid system. The primary GETs are:
- Dynamic Line Rating (DLR): DLR adjusts the capacity of transmission lines based on real-time conditions.
- Advanced Power Flow Control (APFC): APFC redirects power flow to less congested lines.
- Topology Optimization: This technology reconfigures the grid to improve efficiency.
